Unit 3

   alien [eiljan]  n.

An alien is a creature from a different world.

-♦ The alien came in peace.

  among  [amAr]] prep.

If you are among certain things, they are all around you.

-*■ There was a red apple among the green ones.

  chart  [tja-a] n.

A chart is a list of information.

-* We used a chart to see how we had improved.

  ClOUd [klaud]  n.

A cloud is a group of water drops in the sky.

-*■ The sky was filled with  white clouds.

  comprehend [kamprihend]  v.

To comprehend something is to understand it.

-*■ Henry could not comprehend the message.

describe [diskraib]  v.

To describe is to say or write what someone or something is like.

-*  They described their tree as colorful with gold ribbon and a star.

   ever [ever]  adv.

Ever means at any time.

-* Going skiing last winter was the most fun  I ’ve ever had.

  fail [feii]  v.

To fail means you do not succeed in what you try to do.

-► Since he failed to get the job,  he was sad.

  friendly [frendli]  adj.

Friendly is behaving in a pleasant, kind way toward someone.

-» The friendly animals came up to the girl.

   grade Egreid] n.

A grade is a score or mark given to someone’s work.

-*■ I managed to get good grades on my report card

instead [insted]  adv.

Instead means in place of.

-*• He ate the carrot instead of the ice cream.

r  lib ra ry  [laibreri] n.

A library is a place where you go to read books.

-*• The library at school is full of books.

r  planet  [plaenat] n.

A planet is a large round thing in space.

-»Saturn  is the planet with the ring around it.

r  report  [rip5:rt] n.

A report is something students write for school.

-> Karen  had trouble writing her report.

r  several  [several] adj.

Several is more than two but not many.

-*• He had to read several books for class

solve  [salv] v.

To solve something is to find an answer to it.

-+ All the students could easily solve the math problem.

r suddenly [sAdnli]  adv.

If something happens suddenly, it happens quickly and unexpectedly.

-»I was suddenly surprised by the cake my friends brought me.

C  SUppOSe  [sspouz]  v.

To suppose is to guess.

-*• I suppose I should go home now.

r   universe 00 mevers] n.

The universe is the known or supposed objects in space.

-* The universe is so large that it cannot be measured.

r  view  [vjU:]  *

To view is to look at something.

-> Michael likes to view himself in  the mirror.

Unit 4

r   appropriate [aprouprieit]  adj.

When a thing is appropriate, it is right or normal.

-* It ’s appropriate to  wear a suit when you go to the office.

r  avoid [avoid]  v.

To avoid something is to stay away from it.

-♦ Avoid the broken  bottle on  the floor.

r  behave [biheiv]  v.

To behave is to act in a particular way, especially to be good.

-* She always behaves well when her father is around.

r  calm [ka:m]  adj.

When someone is calm, they do not get excited or upset.

-»A nice warm bath makes me feel so calm.

r   concern [ksnsam]  n.

Concern is a feeling of worry.

-»I was filled  with concern after reading the newspaper.

content [kantent]  adj.

To be content is to be happy and not want more.

-» The baby looked very content sitting on the floor.

r  expect [ikspekt]  v.

If you expect something to happen, you believe it will happen.

-* I expect the bus to be here very soon.

r  frequently [fri:kwantli]  adv.

When something happens frequently, it happens often.

-*■ We meet frequently, either at the beginning or ending of the week.

r  habit  [haebit] n.

A habit is a thing that you do often.

-»Smoking is a  bad habit that can kill you.

r  instruct [instrAkt]  v.

To instruct is to teach.

-*■ My teacher instructs us in several subjects.

issue  Bfu:] n.

An issue is an important topic.

-* The men spoke about issues that were important to the people.

r   llO n e   [nAn]  pron.

None means not any of someone or something.

-♦ He spent all his money.  There is none left.

r  patient [peijant]  adj.

If a person is patient, they don’t become angry or upset easily.

-»I had to be patient and wait until 5 o’clock to leave.

r  positive [pazativ]  adj.

If something is positive, it is good.

-*■She has a positive future ahead of her after finishing college.

r  punish  [pAniJ] v.

To punish means to make someone suffer for breaking the rules or laws.

-*  To punish me,  my teacher had me stand in the corner.

represent [reprizent]  v.

To represent is to speak or act for a person or group.

-» My lawyer will represent me in court.

r  shake  [jeiki  v.

To shake is to move back and forth or up and down quickly.

-♦ When people shake hands,  it usually means they agree.

r  spread  [spredj  v.

To spread is to move quickly to more places.

-* I like to spread butter on my toast.

r  stroll [stroul]  v.

To stroll means to walk slowly and calmly.

-*• My dog and I strolled through  the park today.

r  village  n.

A village is a very small town.

-* There are only a few houses in my village.

Unit 5

aware [avrcar]  adj.

If you are aware of something, you know about it.

-+1 was not aware o f the ringing phone.

badly [baedli]  adv.

Badly means in a severe or harmful way.

-* He hurt his arm badly playing with friends.

 belong  Noon] v.

If something belongs to you, you own it.

-» The blue suit belongs to Paul.

continue [kantinju:]  V.

To continue something is to keep doing it.

-* She stood under her umbrella as the rain continued to fall.

error lerad  n.

An error is something you do wrong.

->I made an error on my report,  so my boss was angry.

experience Okspisrians] n.

An experience is something you have seen or done.

-* Rock climbing  was a fun experience.

field mxa n.

A field is a big area of land.

-» The field of flowers looked so pretty.

 hurt  [hairt]  v.

To hurt is to do something that makes you feel pain.

-»She hurt her leg falling down the stairs.

  judgment  [d3Ad3mant] n.

Judgment is the ability to form opinions or decisions.

-* It’s good judgment to recycle your aluminum cans.

  likely  [laikli] adv.

If something likely happens, it will probably happen.

— I will likely stay at home and watch  TV tonight.

normal  [normal] adj.

If something is normal, it is not strange nor surprising to you.

- *■  It is normal for me to bathe every night.

r  rare  [rear] adj.

If something is rare, you do not see it very often.

-*■ It is rare for him to miss his flight.

r  relax [rilseks]  v.

To relax is to rest.

-♦ The frog relaxed in the warm sun.

r  request [rikwest]  v.

To request something is to ask for it.

-*■ The little girl requested a special gift from Santa Claus.

r reside  [ri:zaid] *

To reside means to live somewhere permanently or for a long time.

-* My brother and his fam ily reside in a lovely house on the beach.

result  tnzAit] n.

A result is something that happens because of something else.

-»A sa result of all the rain,  the man had to climb on the roof.

r  roll [roui]  v.

To roll is to move by turning over and over.

-*  You must roll the ball into the pins when you bowl.

C  since [Sins]  prep.

Since is used to talk about a past event still happening now.

-* Since 1992,  he has been driving that car.

r  visible [vizabsl]  adj.

If something is visible, it can be seen.

The moon and stars were visible in  the night sky.

r wild [waild]  adj.

If something is wild, it is found in nature.

-» You should be careful around a fox,  because it is a wild animal.

Unit 6

  advantage [advaentid3]

An advantage is something that helps you.

— Being tall is an advantage to a basketball player.

r

r

r

r

r

r

r

r

cause [ko:z]  v.

To cause is to make something happen.

-*■ The cold weather caused her to get sick.

choice  [tjois] n.

A choice is the act or possibility of picking something.

-» I had my choice of five doors to open.

community [kamjuinati]  n.

A community is a group of people who live together.

-► The kids from my community usually play together.

dead [ded]  adj.

To be dead is to not be alive.

-* A dead person is usually buried in the ground.

distance [distans]  n.

The distance between two things is how far it is between them.

-» The distance between the Earth and the Moon is 384,400 kilometers.

escape [iskeip]  v.

To escape is to run away from something bad.

— The butterfly could not escape from  the cage.

face tfeis]  v.

If you face a problem, you deal with it.

-*• My sister and I have to find a better way to face our differences.

follow [falou]  v.

To follow means to go behind someone and go where they go.

-♦ The little boy followed his mother home.

fright [frait]  n.

Fright is the feeling of being scared.

-»She was filled with fright.

ghost [goust]  n.

A ghost is the spirit of a dead person.

-*• Many people are afraid of ghosts.

individual [indavid3ual] n.

An individual is one person.

-» Only one individual could win the bicycle race.

pet [pet]  n.

A pet is an animal that lives with people.

— Out of all my pets, the dog is my favorite.

  reach  Dttj] v.

To reach means to arrive at a place.

-* I was happy to finally reach my destination.

return  [ritsrn] v.

To return is to go back to a place.

-* I was happy to return home to my mom after school.

r  survive  [sarvaiv] v.

To survive is to stay alive.

-*My dog survived her fall into the water.

r  upset [Apset]  adj.

To be upset is to be unhappy about something.

-*■ She was upset because she broke her toy.

r   voice  [vois] n.

A voice is the sound a person makes when they talk or sing.

-»He used a microphone, so everyone could hear his voice.

r  weather [weSar]  n.

The weather is the condition of the air: hot, rainy, windy, etc.

-+ The weather can  be sunny,  rainy,  or cold.

W is e   [waiz] adj.

To be wise is to use experience and intelligence to make good choices.

-* Many people believe that owls are very wise animals.

Unit 7

allow [alau]  v.

To allow something to happen means to let it happen.

-* Having a ticket will allow you to enter the show.

r  announce  fenauns] v.

To announce something is to make it known.

-*■ He announced to everyone his new idea for the company.

r  beside [bisaid]  prep.

When someone or something is beside you, they are next to you.

— The two brothers stood beside each other.

r   challenge  [tjceiind3] n.

A challenge is something difficult to complete.

-+ It was a challenge to climb to the top of the mountain

claim [kleim]  v.

To claim means to say that something is true.

-+ He claimed to know why the country’s laws were weak.

 condition [kandijan]  n.

The condition of someone or something is the state that they are in.

-* The patient’s condition was very good.

 contribute [kantribju:t]  v.

To contribute to something means to do something to make it successfi

-» We decided to contribute money to the new hospital.

 difference [difsrans]  n.

A difference is a way that something is not like other things.

-> The biggest difference between the birds is the color of their feathers.

 divide [divaid]  v.

To divide something is to make it into smaller parts.

-» We divided the pizza.

expert [ekspa:rt]  n.

An expert is someone who is very good at doing something.

-♦ The wizard was an expert at magic.

famous [feimas]  adj.

If someone or something is famous, they are known to many people.

-» The Eiffel Tower in Paris is very famous.

force [fo:rs]  n.

Force is a person’s strength or power.

-»He used all his force to try and open the door.

  harm  [ha™] n.

Harm is hurt or problems caused to someone or something.

-+ A hot iron can  cause great harm if  you are not careful.

  lay m v.

To lay means to put or place in a horizontal or flat position.

-♦ Don’t la y your socks on  the floor.

  peace  IpN n.

Peace is a time without war.

-»A white dove is a symbol for peace.

prince [prins]  n.

A prince is the son of a king.

-+ The prince and the princess were married.

r  protect [pratekt]  v.

To protect someone is to stop them from getting hurt.

-* Firemen protect us from fires.

O  sense [sens]  V.

To sense something is to know about it without being told.

-»I could sense that he was watching me.

r  sudden [sAdn]  adj.

When something is sudden, it happens very quickly.

-♦ He felt a sudden pain in  his chest.

r therefore [d£a:rfo:r]  adv.

Therefore means for this reason.

-»He is fat.  Therefore,  he will go on a diet.

Unit 8

  accept [aeksept]  v.

To accept something that is offered is to take it.

-► I accepted the g irl’s very nice gift.

r  arrange  [areind3]  v.

To arrange things is to put them in the right place.

-*• Please arrange the bowling pins in order so we can play.

attend [stend]  v.

To attend something is to go to it.

-► My sister and I attend the same school.

balance [bselans]  v.

To balance something is to keep it from falling.

-+ We saw an  elephant balance itself on a ball.

contrast [kantraest]  n.

A contrast is the sharp difference between two things.

The contrast between my parents is very noticeable.

r  encourage [inka:rid3]  v.

To encourage someone is to make them want to do something.

-* My football coach will encourage us when we are losing.

familiar [familjar]  adj.

If someone or something is familiar to you, you know them well.

-* The two friends were very familiar with each other.

r  grab [graeb]  v.

To grab is to take a hold of someone or something suddenly.

-♦ / grabbed a pear from the tree.

r  hang  thaer)] v.

To hang something is to keep it above the ground.

-+1 drew a picture of my family,  and my mother hung it on the wall.

r  huge [hju:d3]  adj.

If something is huge, it is very big.

-► At work,  my father drives a huge truck.

necessary  [nesaseri] adj.

If something is necessary, you must do it.

-»It is necessary to have a passport when you travel to a foreign  country.

 pattern  [paetarn] n.

A pattern is a way in which something is done or organized.

-»My pattern of brushing my teeth is the same as most people’s.

 propose  [prapouz] M.

To propose something is to say that it should be done.

-»Santa Claus proposed that I try to  be a good boy a ll year.

 purpose  [parpas]  n.

A purpose is the reason that you do something.

-» The purpose of exercising is to get into shape.

release [nii-.s]  *

To release something is to stop holding it.

-»She released the bird from her hands.

require  [rikwaiar]  v.

To require something is to say that it is necessary.

-*■ We require teachers to have a university degree.

r  single  [si'ngsl] adj.

If something is single, then there is only one.

-* I have a single key in my hand.

C SUCCeSS [sakses]  n.

Success is doing something well that you choose to do.

-* My daughter was a big success at school.

r  tear [tear] v.

To tear something means to pull it apart.

-> It is easy to tear paper.

r  theory  [ei:ari] n.

A theory is an idea about how something works.

-» We talked about Einstein’s theory of relativity in class.

Unit 9

against  [agenst] prep.

To be against something is to be touching it or opposed to it.

-*■ They both  leaned against the wall.

 beach  n.

The beach is a sandy or rocky place by the ocean.

-*  The little g irl built a sandcastle on  the beach.

 damage  [dsemid3l  v.

To damage something is to break it.

-* The car was damaged in the accident.

discover [diskAva/-]  v.

To discover something is to find it for the first time.

-*■ I discovered some new information in this book!

emotion [imoujan]  n.

An emotion is how you feel.

-*■ Anger is a common emotion that we all feel.

fix [fiks]  v.

To fix something is to make it work.

-»My dad has many tools to help him fix broken  things.

r  frank  [fraenk] adj.

If you are frank, you are being very honest.

-» The teacher had a frank discussion  with her students.

r   identify laidentafai]  v.

To identify something is to be able to name it.

-► I used the file to identify his name.

r  island  [ailand] n.

An island is land in the middle of water.

-► japan is a group of islands.

^  ocean  [oujan]  n.

The ocean is all of the salt water that surrounds land

-»■ The ocean can make powerful waves.

perhaps [parhaeps]  adv.

Perhaps is used when you say that something could happen.

-> Perhaps I will eat an apple for lunch.

 pleasant [pleznt]  adj.

If something is pleasant, you enjoy it.

-► The character had a pleasant look on its face.

 prevent [privent]  v.

To prevent something is to stop it from happening.

-► The handcuffs prevented me from moving my hands.

 rock  [rak] n.

A rock is a hard thing in the dirt.

-> I stacked rocks on  top of one another.

  save [seiv]  v.

To save something is to keep it from being hurt.

-»I want to help save the world.

Step [step]  v.

To step is to walk.

-► Be careful where you step.

r  still [stii]  adv.

Still is used when you say that a situation keeps going on.

-> They are s till waiting in  line to get tickets.

O   t a S t e   [teist] n.

A taste is the flavor something makes in your mouth.

-* The taste of the fruit was sweet.

r  throw [erou]  v.

To throw something is to use your hand to make it go through the air.

-*■ The pitcher can  throw the baseball very fast.

 wave [weiv]  n.

A wave is a line of water that moves higher than the rest of the water.

-♦ The water was filled with large blue waves.

Unit 10

b e n e f it   [benefit] n.

A benefit is a good thing.

— Being able to fly is a good benefit to birds.

certain [ss:rtan]  adj.

If you are certain about something, you know it is true.

-*I am certain that zebras have stripes.

chance [tjsens]  n.

A chance is an opportunity to do something.

-► I had a chance to see the Roman  Coliseum  last summer.

effect [ifekt]  n.

An effect is a change made by something else.

-+ The medicine had a good effect on the boy.

essential [isenjal]  adj.

If something is essential, it is very important and necessary.

-* It is essential to have oxygen  when you scuba dive.

far [fa:/-]  adj.

If something is far, it is not close.

-♦ It’s far going from  the east coast to the west coast of America.

focus [foukas]  v.

To focus on something is to think about it and pay attention to it.

-♦ My mom always helps me to focus on my school work.

function [fAqA-jan]  n.

The function of something is what it does.

-» The function of a flashlight is to help you see in  the dark.

grass [graes]  n.

Grass is the green leaves that cover the ground.

-► The grass looked so soft and green.

g u a r d   [gard] v.

To guard something is to take care of it.

-* The police officer will guard us from any harm.

  image  Efmid3] n.

The image of something is a picture of it.

-*• The image of her eye was very clear.

  immediate [imkdiat]  adj.

If something is immediate, it happens quickly.

-+ An immediate response came from  the pizza place.

primary [praimeri]  adj.

If something is primary, it is the most important thing.

-* His prim ary thoughts are about money.

  proud [praud]  adj.

If someone feels proud, they are happy about what they have done.

-»She is proud of the picture she drew of her house.

  remain  [nmein]  v.

To remain somewhere is to stay there.

-» My sister had to remain home since she was sick.

  rest  [rest]  /.

To rest is to stop being active while the body gets back its strength.

-*■ I rested on the couch after work.

 separate [separeit]  adj.

If two things are separate, they are not together.

-»New York and Los Angeles are in two separate parts of America.

  Site [sait]  n.

A site is a place.

-» We found the perfect site for our picnic.

  tail [teii]  n.

A tail is a part of an animal’s body, sticking out from its rear or back.

Our dog wags its tail when it’s happy.

  trouble  [trAbsO n.

Trouble is a problem ora difficulty.

-♦ I have trouble working with my boss.

anymore [enimox]  adv.

Anymore means any longer.

-*■ Her old pants don’t fit her anymore.

asleep Eesit:p] adj.

When a person is asleep, they are not awake.

-* The baby has been asleep for hours.

berry  [ben] n.

A berry is a small round fruit that grows on certain plants and trees.

-*  The berry looked delicious.

COlleCt [kalekt]  v.

To collect things is to group them together all in one place.

-*■ I collected shells when I was younger.

compete [ksmprt]  v.

To compete is to try to be better than someone.

-♦ He will compete with  very good athletes.

conversation tkanve/seijan]  n.

A conversation is a talk between people.

-► There were two conversations going on at once.

creature [kri:tjar]  n.

A creature is any living thing.

-* The creature we saw today was either a dolphin or a porpoise.

decision [disi3sn]  n.

A decision is a choice.

-» He made the wrong decision.

either [i:flar]  conj.

Either is used with “or” to say there are two or more possibilities.

-*  You can  choose to be either white or black when you play chess.

f o r e s t   [fo(:)rist]  n.

A forest is a place with lots of trees and animals.

—■ I love to go walking in the forest.

  ground [graund]  n.

The ground is the top part of the Earth that we walk on.

-► The ground under our feet was dry and brown.

  introduce [intradjuis]  v.

To introduce someone or something is to say who they are.

-*■ I introduced myself to our newest co-worker today.

  marry [meeri]  v.

To marry is to legally become husband and wife.

-»Rose and Henry were married,  and they lived happily.

  prepare [pripcar]  v.

To prepare is to get ready for something.

-► I prepared my speech to the class.

sail iseii]

To sail is to move a boat on the water.

-* I love to sa il my boat on  the lake.

 serious [siaries]  adj.

When something is serious, it is bad or unsafe.

-*■ The accident was very serious.

  spend [spend]  v.

To spend is to use time doing something or being somewhere.

-*■ I like to spend my free time fishing.

  strange [streindj]  adj.

When something is strange, it is not normal.

-* Joe had a strange look on his face after he saw what happened.

 t r u t h   [tru:e]  n.

The truth is a fact or something that is right.

-»He was telling the truth about seeing a large green snake.

wake [weik]  v.

To wake is to not be sleeping anymore.

-* He is always full of energy when he wakes in the morning.

Unit 12

alone  [aloun] adj.

If someone is alone, they are not with another person.

-* The boy wanted to  be alone to think.

apartment  [apaxtmant] n.

An apartment is a set of rooms in a building where people live.

— She has a nice apartment in the city.

 article [a-.m n.

An article is a story in a newspaper or magazine.

-* Did you read the article in  the newspaper about the soccer game?

 artist [artist] n.

An artist is a person who paints, draws, or makes sculptures.

-*■ He went to Paris to become an artist.

  attitude [setit/'u :d] n.

Someone’s attitude is the way they feel and think.

-*■ John has a bad attitude. He’s always angry.

compare  [kampear] v.

To compare means to say how two things are the same and different.

-► If  you compare cats and dogs, you’ll see that they’re both good pets,

 judge [d 3Ad3]

To judge something is to say if it is good or bad.

-*■ The boy was going to judge how his mother’s turkey tasted.

  magazine  [maegazi:n] n.

A magazine is a regular publication with news, stories, and articles.

-♦ She likes to read fashion magazines.

material [matiarial]  n.

A material is what is used to make something.

-» Brick is a good material for building houses.

  meal  [mi:i] n.

A meal is a time when food is eaten like breakfast, lunch, or dinner.

Breakfast is my favorite meal because I enjoy breakfast foods.

   method [meead]  n.

A method is the way to do something.

-* One method to remember things is to tie a string around your finger.

r  neighbor [neibar]  n.

A neighbor is a person who lives near you.

-*■ I like my neighbor because he’s very friendly.

r  professional  [prefejenal] adj.

If something is professional, it deals with work that uses special skills.

-*■If  you want to be a pilot, you must have professional training.

   profit [profit]  n.

A profit is the extra money you make when you sell something.

-♦ I made a sm all profit from selling my old clothes.

r  quality [kwalati]  n.

The quality of something is how good it is.

-* The quality of his car is very good.

shape tjeip] «,

A shape is a simple form like a square or circle.

-♦ The triangle is my favorite shape.

  space [speis]  n.

A space is an empty area.

-* I don’t have much space for things in my sm all house.

  stair [stcax]  n.

Stairs are the things that are used to go up in a building.

-» You can take the stairs to the second floor.

  symbol [simbal]  n.

A symbol is a thing that stands for something else.

— This symbol tells us that we cannot smoke in this area.

  thin [ein]  adj.

If someone or something is thin, they are not fat.

-♦ The man was thin because he didn’t eat much.

   blood [blAd]  n.

Blood is the red liquid in your body.

-♦ I cut my finger and got blood on  my shirt.

r  bum [ba:rn]  v.

To burn something is to set it on fire.

-*■ I burned some wood in the camp fire.

r  Cell  Isel]  /?.

A cell is a small room where a person is locked in.

-+ The ja il cell was very small.

r  contain [kantein]  v.

To contain something is to have it inside.

-> The mailbox contained a letter.

correct [karekt]  adj.

To be correct is to be right.

-> All of my answers on  the test were correct.

  crop [krap]  n.

A crop is food that a farmer grows.

-* Wheat is a crop that is made into bread.

  demand  [dimaend] v.

To demand something is to say strongly that you want it.

-» The workers demanded to be paid more money.

  equal [i:kwal]  adj.

To be equal is to be the same.

-* Both students are equal in age.

  feed im  v.

To feed is to give food.

-* Mother feeds my baby brother everyday.

hole  thoul] n.

A hole is an opening in something.

-* The man was going to jump into the hole in the ice.

  increase  Dnkn:s]  v.

To increase something is to make it larger or more.

-» They’ve increased the price of gas by 15 cents!

  lord  [lo :rd]  n.

Long ago, a lord was a man in charge of a town.

-* The lord of the town  was not kind.

   owe [ou]

To owe is to have to pay or give back something received from another.

-* I owed him twenty dollars,  so I paid him back.

-  position [pazijan]  n.

A position is the way something is placed.

-> How can you sit in that position?

r  raise  ireizj  *

To raise something is to lift it up.

-*• We had to work together to raise the last piece.

responsible [rispansebal]  adj.

If a person is responsible, they do the right things.

-*■ I try to be responsible and save money.

sight [saitl  n.

A sight is something interesting to see.

-► I saw the pyramids of Egypt.  What a sight!

 spot [spat]  n.

A spot is a place where something happens.

-*  The kitchen is a good spot to eat meals.

  structure  [strAktM n.

A structure is a building.

->  They ju st built a beautiful new structure downtown.

whole [houl]  adj.

Whole means all of something.

-♦ I ate the whole pie.  We don’t have any more.

Unit 4

coach [koutj]  n.

A coach is a person who teaches sports.

-* My coach gets very excited during games.

control fkantroul]  v.

To control something is to make it do what you want.

-*■ To control the  TV, just push the buttons.

 description [diskrtpjan]  n.

A description of someone or something says what they are like.

-»I gave a description of the man  with  the gun and hat to the police.

direct [direkt]  adj.

If something is direct, it goes straight between two places.

-♦ The green path is a direct route to my house.

  exam  [igz*m] n.

An exam is a test.

-* I did some practice questions for the math exam  on the board.

 example [igzaempsl]  n.

An example of something is a thing that is typical of it.

-* Cola is an example of a soft drink.

 limit [limit]  n.

A limit is the largest or smallest amount of something that you allow.

-* My mother put a lim it on how much I could use the phone.

local [loukal]  adj.

If something is local, it is nearby.

-♦ The local market in my neighborhood sells all the food we need.

 magical [maed3ikal]  adj.

Magical describes a quality that makes someone or something special.

-* The fireworks made the night sky look so magical.

  mail [meil]  n.

Mail is letters and other things sent to people.

-*■ I get a lot of m ail because I have friends a ll over the world.

  novel [naval]  n.

A novel is a book that tells a story.

-» He wrote a great novel about ancient China.

 outline [autlain]  n.

An outline is the plan for a story or essay.

-> Before I wrote my essay,  I made an outline.

 poet [pouit]  n.

A poet is a person who writes poems.

-» William Shakespeare was one of the greatest poets.

  print [print]  v.

To print something is to put it onto paper.

-»Make sure that you print your name clearly.

  scene isi-.n]  n.

A scene is one part of a book or movie.

-»A movie is made up of many short pieces or scenes.

  sheet  Eji:t] n.

A sheet is a thin flat piece of paper.

-* I only needed a single sheet of paper to do my homework.

 silly [si'li]  adj.

If someone or something is silly, they show a lack of thought.

— / made a s illy  mistake o f dropping mom’s vase.

  store  fetor] n.

A store is a place where you can buy things.

-*■ I picked up a few things at the grocery store.

  suffer [sAfer]  v.

To suffer is to feel pain.

-* Her headache made her suffer all day.

technology [tekndlsdji]  n.

Technology is new things made by using science.

-*• He loves technology such as laptop computers

Unit 15

a C rO S S   [akr6:s]  prep.

To go across something is to go to the other side of it.

-► He walked across the board to the other side.

 breathe tbri a] *

To breathe means to let air go in and out of your body.

-► We need strong healthy lungs to help us breathe well.

 characteristic [kaeriktaristik]  n.

A characteristic is something that shows what a person or a thing is like]

-* One characteristic o f tigers is their black stripes.

  consume [kansu:m]  v.

To consume something means to eat or drink it.

-*■ Jack consumed a whole plate of spaghetti.

  excite [iksait]  v.

To excite someone means to make them happy and interested.

-+1 heard about the school dance on Friday.  This excited me.

  extreme [ikstri:m]  adj.

If something is extreme, it is in a large amount or degree.

-»His workout was so extreme that he was sweating heavily.

  fear  [tier] n.

Fear is the feeling of being afraid.

-+1 have a great fear of skateboarding.

  fortunate [foxtfsnit]  adj.

If you are fortunate, you are lucky.

-* I was fortunate to get a seat.

  happen  [haepen]  v.

If someone happens to do something, they do it by chance.

-»I happened to meet some new friends at school today.

length  [terjA^©] n.

The length of something is how long it is from one end to the other.

-* The length of the floor is three meters.

mistake  [misteik] n.

A mistake is something you do wrong.

-+ My boss always yells at me when I make a mistake.

  observe  febzerv]  *

To observe something is to watch it.

-+ Brian observed the sun rising over the mountains.

  opportunity [cipert/uinati]  n.

An opportunity is a chance to do something.

-»I had an opportunity to take pictures in the jungle.

  prize [praiz]  n.

A prize is something of value that is given to the winner.

-* I won a prize for getting the best grade on my science test.

  race m  n.

A race is a contest to see who is the fastest.

-» Paul is a fast runner, so he easily won the race.

realize  [ri:alaiz] v.

To realize is to suddenly understand.

-► After I left my house,  I realized that I left the light on.

  respond [rispand]  v.

To respond is to give an answer to what someone else said.

-► When the teacher asked the question,  we all responded.

 risk [risk]  n.

A risk is a chance of something bad happening.

-* I took a risk and climbed the snowy mountain.

  wonder  [wAnd8:r] v.

To wonder is to ask yourself questions or have a need to know.

-*■ The young mother wondered if  sh e’d have a  boy or a girl.

  yet [jet]  adv.

Yet is used to say something has not happened up to now.

We can’t go out yet;  we’re still eating.

Unit 16

   academy  [akaedami] n.

An academy is a special type of school.

-*■  There are many courses taught at the academy that I go to.

r ancient lein/ant] adj.

If something is ancient, it is very old.

-»I want to see the ancient buildings in  Rome.

  board  iboxca  n.

A board is a flat piece of wood.

-*  The sign  was made o f a few wooden  boards.

   century  [sentjuri] n.

A century is one hundred years.

-» Our company is celebrating a century of business in London.

clue  Eklu:] n.

A clue is a fact or object that helps solve a mystery or crime.

-*  The detective found some clues on the sidewalk.

  COnCert  [kdnss(:)rt] n.

A concert is an event where you listen to people play music.

—' I enjoyed the concert last night.  The band was very good.

  county  [kaunti] n.

A county is the largest political division of a state in the US.

-» He wanted to represent the citizens of his county.

  dictionary  [dik/sneri] n.

A dictionary is a book that tells you what words mean.

-»I use the dictionary to learn new words.

   exist  Bgzist] v.

To exist is to be real.

-+ Do you really think that unicorns ever existed?

flat  [flaet] adj.

Flat describes something that is level and smooth with no curved parts

-* My parents bought a new flat screen  TV over the weekend.

gentleman [cfjentlman]  n.

A gentleman is a nice man.

-► My grandfather is a kind and helpful gentleman.

hidden [hidn]  adj.

Hidden means to be not easily noticed or too hard to find.

-» The hidden  camera recorded everything in the parking lot.

 maybe  Emeibi] adv.

Maybe is used to show that something is possible or may be true.

-*■ If  I focus hard enough,  maybe I can come up with  the right answer.

officer loofisad  n.

An officer is a leader in the army.

-♦ The soldiers followed the orders o f the officer.

 original  [aridjanal] adj.

If something is original, it is the first one of that thing.

-* This is the original painting of the Mona Lisa.

  pound  [paund]  v.

To pound something is to hit it many times with a lot of force.

-♦ He pounded the nail with  the hammer.

 process [prases]  n.

A process is the steps to take to do something.

-* Making a cake is a long process.

 p u b lis h   [pAblijl  v.

To publish a book is to get it printed and ready to sell.

-*■ That company publishes daily newspapers.

  theater  [ei(:)eta.r]  n.

A theater is a building where you watch plays, shows, and movies.

-* We went to the theater to see a play.

 wealth  [wele]  n.

Wealth is a large amount of money.

-* One of the most important things to some people is wealth.

Unit 17

  appreciate [aprt :J1eit]  v.

To appreciate something is to understand its good qualities.

-♦ I can appreciate the lovely scenery.

 available [aveilabal]  adj.

If something is available, it means you can get it.

-» There were many seats available in the room.

 beat ibkt] *

To beat someone means to do better than they do.

-»I managed to beat everyone in  the race.

  bright [brait]  adj.

If something is bright, it shows a lot of light.

-» The bright light from the explosion hurt my eyes.

  celebrate [selabreit]  v.

To celebrate is to do something to show that an event is special.

-► We all celebrated when we heard the great news.

  determine [dita:rmin]  v.

To determine means to choose or make a decision.

-» He tried to determine which one to eat first.

c   disappear [disapfar]  v.

To disappear means to go away or not be seen.

-*  The top of the building is disappearing in  the clouds.

r  else [els]  adj.

If you talk about something else, you talk about something different.

-> / wanted a bike for my birthday,  but I got something else.

  fair [fear]  adj.

Fair describes treating someone in a way that is reasonable or right.

-»■ He sold me his car for a fair price.

 flow [fioui  v.

To flow is to move easily and continuously in one direction.

-*■ The water flowed over the rocks and into the lake.

o  forward [f5:rwa:rd]  adv.

If you move forward, you move in the direction in front of you.

-» When he saw his mother,  the baby crawled forward to her.

  hill  [hii] n.

A hill is a round area of land. It is higher than the land around it.

-*  The sun was rising above the green hills.

  level  [levsl] n.

A level is a point on a scale that measures something.

-♦ Please check the level of the temperature.

   lone  [loun] adj.

If someone or something is lone, they are the only one of that kind.

-+ A lone man  walked along the street.

  p u d d le   EpAdI]  n.

A puddle is a pool of liquid on the ground.

-» When the ice melted,  it formed a puddle.

  response  [rispdns] n.

A response is the answer to a question.

— He asked if  I was sad.  My response was  “ No. ”

  season  [si:zsn] n.

A season is a time of the year: spring, summer, fall or winter.

-» Fall is a warm season,  while winter is very cold.

  solution  [salu:Jsn] n.

A solution is a way to solve a problem.

-♦ There are many problems.  We need solutions!

  waste  [weist] v.

To waste means to carelessly use something all up.

-» Turn off the water so you don’t waste it.

   whether [/?wefl9:r]  conj.

You use whether when you must choose between two things.

-♦ I could not decide whether to go left or right.

Unit 18

argue [drgju:]  V.

To argue is to angrily speak to someone because you do not agree.

-*■ l/l/e  argued about where to go for dinner.

  communicate  [kamju:nakeit] v.

To communicate is to give information by talking, writing, etc.

-»I communicated with Paul about his new ideas.

  crowd [kraud]  n.

A crowd is a large group of people.

-»A large crowd had gathered on the street to see the accident.

  depend Idipend]  v.

To depend on someone or something is to need them.

-*• Children depend on their parents for many things.

dish  [dij] n.

A dish is a plate.

-* She put a clean  white dish on the table.

empty [empti]  adj.

If something is empty, it does not have anything in it.

-»My gas tank was almost empty, so I couldn’t drive my car very long.

 e x a c t   [igzaekt]  adj.

If something is exact, it is just the right amount.

-»Please use the exact amount o f sugar for the cake.

 fresh  m  adj.

If something is fresh, it is new.

-* I just bought these oranges.  They are very fresh.

 gather [g*6ar] v.

To gather is to collect several things usually from different places.

-»Sam gathered some flowers for his mother.

  indicate [indikeit]  v.

To indicate means to show, point or make something clear.

-* He pointed to his eyes to indicate where he had hurt himself.

item [aitam]  n.

An item is a thing that you buy or sell.

-+1 have many items for school in my bag.

  offer  loafer]  *

To offer is to present someone with something.

-* He offered me the keys to his car.

  price [prais]  n.

The price of something is how much it costs.

-> What is the price of this item?

  product  [pradakt] n.

A product is something that is made.

-* My sister has many beauty products in her room.

  property [prapa/1i]  n.

Property is something that someone owns.

-► The house is now my property.

  purchase [pa;rtfas]  v.

To purchase something is to buy it.

-► I recently purchased a new car.

 recommend [rekamend]  v.

To recommend something is to say that someone should do it.

-*• My doctor recommended that I get some exercise.

select [silekt]  V.

To select something is to choose it.

-»I hope that I selected the right answers on the test.

  tool  [tu:l] n.

A tool is something that helps you do a task.

— We used a tool to fix the window.

treat  ititt]  *

To treat is to act in a certain way toward someone.

-» The cats treated the mouse very nicely.

Unit 19

  alive [alaiv]  adj.

If someone or something is alive, they are not dead.

-*■ My grandparents are still alive even though they are over 90.

  bone [boun]  n.

A bone is a hard part of the body.

->I brought home a nice bone for my dog.

  bother [bddax]  v.

To bother is to make  the effort to do something.

-* No one bothered to wash  the dishes today.

  captain [kseptin]  n.

A captain is the person who leads a ship or airplane.

-» The captain sailed his ship to Australia.

  conclusion [kanklu:3art]  n.

The conclusion of something is the final part of it.

-*• At the conclusion of the race,  the spectators cheered for the winner.

  doubt [daut]  n.

Doubt is a feeling of not being sure.

-♦ I have doubt that the story is true.

  explore [ikspl5:rl  v.

To explore is to look for new places.

-* He wants to explore the world and see new things.

  foreign [fo(:)rin]  adj.

If something is foreign, it is from a different country.

— Mexican food is a popular foreign food.

  glad [glsed]  adj.

If you are glad, you are happy.

-* I am glad you came to my party.

  however [hauevar]  adv.

However means despite or not being influenced by something.

-*■ She is a great cook.  However,  she never had professional lessons.

  injustice  [ind3Astis] n.

Injustice is a lack of fairness or justice.

-+ Putting an innocent person  in ja il is an act o f injustice.

  international [mtarnaejanal]  adj.

If something is international, it involves more than one country.

-*■ The United Nations is a powerful international organization.

  lawyer Oo-.jax] n.

A lawyer works with the law and represents people in court.

-> The lawyer left the courthouse after the judge made her decision.

  mention  [menjan]  V.

To mention something is to talk about it.

-*■ The doctors mentioned the problems that the patient was having.

  policy  [palesi]  n.

A policy is a rule.

-*■ He told us that his policy was to put customers first.

social  [soujsl]  adj.

If something is social, it is about many people in a community.

-*■ People should come together and fix the world’s social problems.

 speech  [spi:tj]  n.

A speech is something said to a group of people.

-* She gave a speech to the class.

Staff [stasf]  n.

A staff is a group of people working together in a company.

-» My dad has a staff of four people to help him at the office.

 toward  [tawo:rd]  prep.

If you go toward something, you go closer to it.

-* Santa  walked toward my house with a special tree.

wood  [wud]  n.

Wood is the thing that trees are made of.

-»I put the pieces of wood in a pile.

Unit 20

achieve  [atM v.

To achieve something is to successfully do it after trying hard.

-»I was happy that I could achieve my goal.

 a d vise   [edvaiz]  v.

To advise someone is to tell them what to do.

-* My mother often advises people about their money.

  alrea d y  [oilredi] adv.

If something happens already, it happens before a certain time.

— It is already time for the movie to start.  Let’s go in.

b a sic [beisik]  a d j.

If something is basic, it is very simple or easy.

-* I learned some basic English skills in school today.

  bit  [bit] n.

A bit is a small amount of something.

-> I ate a bit o f chocolate before I went to bed.

  consider  [kansidsr]  v.

To consider something means to think about it.

-* Pete didn’t like his job.  He considered getting a new one.

  destro y  [distr5i] v.

To destroy means to damage something so badly that it cannot be used.

-» The glass was destroyed.

  entertain  [enta/lein]  v.

To entertain someone is to do something that they enjoy.

-» The clown entertained the kids at the party.

extra  [ekstra] adj.

If something is extra, it is more than what is needed.

-» The squirrel had extra nuts for the winter.

 g o a l  [goul] n.

A goal is something you work toward.

-*■ Her goal was to become a doctor.

  lie  [iai] v.

To lie is to say or write something untrue to deceive someone.

-* Whenever Pinocchio lied to his father,  his nose grew.

  meat  [mkti n.

Meat is food made of animals.

-*■ This piece of meat I ’m eating tastes very good.

opinion [apinjan] n.

An opinion is a thought about a person or a thing.

-* Meg told me her opinion of my story.  She said it was not funny.

 real irf»n adj.

If something is real, it actually exists.

-*• The handbag has a stamp on it, so it’s real.

 reflect brnm v.

To reflect is when a surface sends back light, heat, sound or an image.

-» Her face was reflected on the smooth glass.

regard [rigard]  v.

To regard someone or something is to think of them in a certain way.

-+ The boy regarded the g irl as a good friend.

 serve  isarvi v.

To serve someone is to give them food or drinks.

-»He served us our drinks quickly.

 vegetable  [ved3Stabal] n.

A vegetable is a plant used as food.

-» Carrots are my favorite vegetable.

  war  [wo.r] n.

A war is a big fight between two groups of people.

-* Many young men died in the war.

  worth  [wa:re] a d j.

If something is worth an amount of money, it costs that amount.

-* Our house is worth a lot of money.

Unit 21

appear [apiar]  v.

To appear is to seem.

-»She appeared to be sad. She was crying.

base [beis]  n.

The base is the bottom of something.

-+ The base of the table has three legs.

brain [brein]  n.

The brain is the organ in your head that lets you think.

-» You must use your brain to solve the problem.

career [kanar]  n.

A career is a job that you do for a large part of your life.

— He was in  the hospitality business for most of his career.

C le r k   [klark] n.

A clerk is a type of worker. Clerks in a store help customers.

-♦ The clerk added up her bill for the groceries.

e f f o r t   [Start] n.

Effort is hard work or an attempt to do something.

-*■ He always puts a lot of effort into his studies.

enter [enter]  v.

To enter a place is to go into it.

-*• Two guards greeted me as I entered the front door.

excellent [eksalant]  adj.

When something is excellent, it is very good.

-* I got an excellent score on  my school test.

hero [hi:rou]  n.

A hero is a brave person who does things to help others.

-* To children,  the man in  the blue and red costume was a real hero.

hurry [ha ri]

To hurry is to do something quickly.

-♦ I hurried home on my bike.

inform [inform]  v.

To inform someone is to tell them about something.

-♦ I called and informed her about my idea.

 later [leita:r] adv.

Later means after the present, expected, or usual time.

-»She missed the train,  so she’ll arrive a little later than expected.

 leave dm v .

To leave means to go away from someone or something.

-*■ He packed his bag and was ready to leave for home.

 locate [loukeit]  v.

To locate something is to find it.

-+1 could not locate my keys in the house.

  nurse [ners] n.

A nurse is a person who helps sick people in the hospital.

-► A nurse helped me get better.

  operation [apereijan]  n.

An operation is when a doctor replaces or removes something in the body.

-* The operation on my arm  was a success.

r  pain tpein]  n.

Pain is the feeling that you have when you are hurt.

-»His head was full of pain.

r  refuse [rifju:z]  v.

To refuse something is to say “no” to it.

-» The dog refused to play with the cat.

though [6ou]  con).

Though is used when the second idea makes the first seem surprising.

-> Though he was overweight,  he liked to be active.

 various [vesrias] adj.

If something is various, there are many types of it.

-»She owned shoes of  various styles.

Unit 22

  actual [aektjual]  a d j.

Actual means that something is real or true.

-+ This is the actual sword that the King owned,  not a fake one.

  amaze  femeiz]  *

To amaze someone is to surprise them very much.

-*■ The news in the paper amazed Jack.

  charge  [tja:/-d3] n.

A charge is the price to pay for something.

-+ The charge for the shirts was $15.00.

  comfort [kAmfart]  v.

To comfort someone means to make them feel better.

-* I wanted to comfort my friend after I heard the bad news.

contact [kantaekt]  v.

To contact someone is to speak or write to them.

-»■ I contacted Sue about my party.

  customer [kAstamar]  n.

A customer is a person who buys something at a store.

-» The customer put a few items in a bag.

  deliver [dili'var]  v.

To deliver something is to take it from one place to another.

-»■ The man delivered Chinese food to my house.

  earn  [a:m]  *

To earn means to get money for the work you do.

-*■ He earns his living as a chef in a great restaurant.

gate [geit]  n.

A gate is a type of door. Gates are usually made of metal or wood.

-»■ We want to put up a wooden gate around our house.

 include [inklu:d]  v.

To include something means to have it as part of a group.

-*■ Does this meal include a soft drink?

  manage  [maenid3j  *

To manage something means to control or be in charge of it.

-»■ I had to manage the meeting myself.

mystery [misteri]  n.

A mystery is something that is difficult to understand or explain.

-* The path on the map was a complete mystery to me.

1

occur t e r i   v.

To occur means to happen.

-*  When  did the thunderstorm occur?

  opposite  [dpazit] n.

If A is the opposite of B, A is completely different from B.

-+ The opposite of black is white.

  plate [pieit]  n.

A plate is a flat round thing that you put food on.

-* I put my plate down so I could put some food on it.

  receive  [risdv] *

To receive something is to get it.

— I received a present on my birthday.

  reward  [riwoird] n.

A reward is something given in exchange for good behavior or work.

-* He was given a reward for his excellent performance.

  set [set]  *

To set something is to put it somewhere.

-► Please set the dice down  on  the table.

  steal [istu]  *

To steal is to take something that is not yours.

-* The men tried to steal money from the bank.

  thief [ei:f]  n.

A thief is someone who quietly takes things that do not belong to them.

-> A thief broke into our home and took my mother's jewelry.

Unit 23

advance [advaens]  /,

To advance is to go forward.

-» He advanced up the ladder slowly.

  athlete [aeelirt]  n.

An athlete is a person who plays sports.

-*■ Some athletes can play many sports very well.

average [aevaridj]  adj.

If something is average, it is at a normal level.

-► I ’m not rich or poor;  I ’m average.

behavior [biheivjar]  n.

Your behavior is the way you act.

-» Their behavior was good this semester.  They didn’t cause trouble.

  behind [bihaind]  prep.

Behind means to be at the back of something.

-* The little girl was hiding behind a tree.

course  [koxs] n.

A course is a class in school.

-»I took a P.E.  course in school this year.

 lower [louar]  v.

To lower something is to make it go down.

-* The chart shows how his production  has lowered over the year.

> 

 match [maetll  v.

To match is to be the same or similar.

-*■ The two shoes matched.  They looked the same.

 member [member]  n.

A member is a person who is part of a group.

-* Julie is the newest member of our team.

 mental [mentl]  a d j.

If something is mental, it has to do with your mind.

-*• I made a mental picture of the room.

passenger [paesand3ad  n .

A passenger is a person who rides in a car, train, or airplane.

-* One passenger was standing in the subway train.

  personality [pairsanaelati]  n.

Your personality is what you are like and how you behave.

-♦ John has a bad personality.

poem [pouim]  n .

A poem is a short kind of writing.

-*■ William Shakespeare wrote many poems.

 pole [poul]  n.

A pole is a long thin stick made of wood or metal that supports things.

—■ The flag was hanging from  the flag pole.

  remove  [rimu:v]  *

To remove something is to take it away.

-*• I removed the nail from  the board.

safety i s m   n.

Safety means to be the condition of being safe and free from danger.

-► For his own safety, he was placed in a car seat.

Shoot [Ju t]  v.

To shoot is to fire something like a bullet at someone or something.

-*  The hunter raised his gun  to shoot at the target.

  sound [saund]  y.

To sound means to make a noise.

-» The alarm clock sounded and woke us all up.

  swim  [swim]  v.

To swim is to move through water.

-> I love to swim in  the ocean.

  web [web]  n.

A web is a home made by a spider.

-► Mom cleaned the spider webs out of the garage.

Unit 24

block tblak]  n .

A block is a solid piece of wood, stone or ice.

-»I saw a block of ice on the floor.

  cheer  itner]  *

To cheer is to give a loud shout of approval or encouragement.

-* The crowd all cheered when the home team  won.

  complex [kampleks]  a d j.

If something is complex, it has many small parts. It is hard to understan

A jig-saw puzzle can be complex because it has so many pieces.

  critic fcrftiw  n.

A critic is someone who give their opinions about movies, books, plays

-» The wine critic tasted the wine so he could give his opinion.

event [ivent]  n.

An event is something that happens, especially something important.

-* Finishing high school was a major event in his life.

 e x e r c is e   [eksarsaiz]  v.

To exercise is to run or play sports so that you can be healthy.

-> You should exercise every day.

  fit [fit]  v.

If something fits, it is small enough orthe right size to go there.

-> The colorful eggs fit into the box.

  friendship  [frendjip] n.

Friendship is the relationship between people who are friends.

-♦ Michael and Lisa have a very strong friendship with each other.

  guide [gaid]  n.

A guide is someone who shows you where to go.

-* We followed a guide at the park.

lack [laek]  n .

If there is a lack of something, there is not enough of it.

-► His only problem is a lack of money.

passage [paesid3l  n.

A passage is a long area with walls that goes from one place to another.

-» The long passage led us to the other side of the field.

 perform [perform]  v.

To perform is to do something in front of people who watch.

-► He will perform a song for the class.

 pressure  [prefer] n.

Pressure is what you apply to make someone do something.

-♦ They put pressure on  him  to change his mind.

 probable [prabebal]  a d j.

If something is probable, it is likely to happen.

-* It is probable that you  will get a good grade if  you study for the test.

  public [pAblik]  a d j.

If something is public, it is meant for everyone to use.

-»I went to the public park to play with my friends.

  strike [straik]  v.

To strike someone or something is to hit them.

-*■ She struck the other g irl in  the face.

  support [sepoirt]  v.

To support something is to like it and help it be successful.

-»Everyone at work supports the new plan.

  task [taesk]  n.

A task is work that someone has to do.

-*  Who has the task of building the brick w all?

  term [ta:/m]  n .

A term is a word for something.

-»/ often  use the term  “ oops” when I make a mistake.

  unite  [jumait] v.

To unite is to get together to do something.

-* If we unite,  we can finish our project faster.

Unit 25

associate  [asoujieit]  /.

To associate means to connect something with a person or thing.

—■ Most people associate birthday parties with having fun.

environment [invaiaranmant]  n.

The environment is the place where people work or live.

-» Keeping our environment clean is important to our health.

factory [faektari]  n.

A factory is a building where things are made or put together.

-» We have only one factory in our town.

feature mar] n.

A feature is an important part of something.

-» The cell phone has many features.

instance [instans]  n.

An instance is an example of something.

-♦ I have never experienced an instance o f hate.  Have you?

involve [invalv]  v.

To involve means to be actively taking part in something.

-♦ The whole family was involved in playing the game.

medicine [medasan]  n.

Medicine is something you take to feel better or treat an illness.

-* The doctor gave me medicine for my cold.

mix Imiks]  n .

A mix is different things put together.

-*• The green mix we made in science class spilled onto the table.

organize [6:rganaiz]  v.

To organize is to plan or get ready for an event.

-»Make a list to help you organize the things you need.

period [piariad]  n.

A period is an amount of time when something happens.

-*■ In one period in  Europe,  there were many knights.

populate [papjeleit]  v.

If people populate an area, they live there.

-» Billions of people populate the Earth.

 produce [prad/u:s]  v.

To produce something is to make or grow it.

-► This tree produces apples every year.

 range  freind3] n.

A range is a number or a set of similar things.

-»I saw a range of cars to choose from.

recognize  [rekagnaiz]  v.

To recognize something is to know it because you have seen it before.

-*■ I recognized an  old friend from many years ago.

 regular tregjala:r]  a d j.

If something is regular, it happens often and in equal amounts of time.

-» Our regular lunch  time is around noon.

sign [sain]  n.

A sign is a notice giving information, directions, a warning, etc.

-» The sign indicated that today would be a  bad day.

 tip  [tip] n.

A tip is a pointed end of something.

-* The tip of his pen  was very sharp.

 tradition  [tredifsn] n.

A tradition is something people have been doing for a long time.

-*■ Marriage is a tradition all over the world.

 trash [traej]  n.

Trash is waste material or unwanted or worthless things.

-*• Please take out the trash; it smells bad.

wide [waid]  a d j.

If something is wide, it is large from side to side.

-*  The door was as wide as my arms.

Unit 26

  advice  [edvais] n.

Advice is an opinion about what to do.

-* I don’t know how to study for my exams.  Can you give me some advicel

  along [alo:r]]  prep.

Along means to move from one part of a road, river, etc. to another.

-* Walk along this tunnel for ten minutes,  and you’ll see a door on the left.

  attention  [atenfan] n.

Attention is the notice, thought, or consideration of someone.

-* His work got the attention of two of his co-workers.

attract fetraekt]  v.

To attract means to make a person or thing come closer or be intereste

-» The magnet attracted the metal.

  climb  [klaim] v.

To climb means to use your hands and feet to go up on something.

-*■ The girls climbed to the top of the mountain.

  drop  [drop] v.

To drop is to fall or allow something to fall.

-* A sm all amount of water dropped from the bottle.

 final [fams I] adj.

If something is final, it is the last part.

-* In the final part of the film,  the man and the woman got married.

further [fa:r5e:r] adj.

Further is used to say something is from a distance or time.

-♦ The escalator is further along than I thought.

  imply  [implai] v.

To imply something is to suggest it without saying it.

-»■ The man implied that he wanted the job,  but he didn’t say so.

  maintain [meintein]  v.

To maintain means to make something stay the same.

The balls maintain constant movement.

neither [nhdar]  adv.

You use neither to connect two negative statements.

-> Neither the pass on the left nor the pass on the right will lead us home.

 otherwise [Adarwaiz]  adv.

Otherwise means different or in another way.

-*It’s good to stay active; otherwise, you’ll gain weight.

 physical  [fizikal] adj.

If something is physical, it is related to your body and not your mind.

-+ Biking  is good for your physical health.

  prove  ipm:v]  v.

To prove something is to show that it is true.

-> My teacher proved the answer on  the board.

  react [rtaekt]  V.

To react is to act in a certain way because of something that happened.

-*• James reacted badly to the news.

ride [raid]  v.

To ride something is to travel on it. You can ride an animal, a bike, etc.

-»I will ride a roller-coaster for the first time today.

situated [si'tjueitid]  adj.

If something is situated somewhere, it is in that place.

-> The white board is situated between the two men.

 society [sasaiati]  n.

Society is people and the way that they live.

-♦ Society expects people to be good and honest.

 standard [staenda:rd]  n.

A standard is what people consider normal or good.

-* This older model TV is below our store’s standards.

suggest  [safest]  v.

To suggest something means to give an idea or plan about it.

-► He suggested that we go to see his  boss.

Unit 27

actually [aektfuali]  adv.

Actually means in fact or really.

-*■ My dad looks a little mean,  but actually he’s very kind.

bite [bait]  n.

Bite is the act of using your teeth to cut and tear into something.

-*  The boy took a  big bite out of his hamburger.

 C O aSt  [koust]  n.

The coast is the land by an ocean.

-*■ I stayed on  the southern coast o f Australia.

 deal  [dhi] n.

A deal is an agreement that you have with another person.

-* I made a deal with the other company to give us some money.

desert [dezart] n.

The desert is an area of land without many plants or water.

-* Not many plants grow in the desert.

  earthquake  [arekweik]  n.

An earthquake is a shaking movement of the ground.

-* The building shook during the earthquake.

  effective  [ifektiv]  adj.

If something is effective, it works well.

-»Swimming is an effective way to stay healthy.

 examine [igzaemin]  V.

To examine something is to look at it carefully.

-*  The doctor examined my eyes today.

  false Bb:ls] adj.

If something is false, it is not correct.

-»If  you think the answer is false, press the red button.

    gift [gift]  n.

A gift is something you give someone.

-*■ Dave received many gifts for Christmas.

hunger [hAngar]  n.

Hunger is the feeling that you get when you need to eat.

-*• After playing all day long,  he was filled with hunger.

  imagine  [imaed3in]  v.

To imagine something is to think of it in your mind.

-* Sally imagined herself winning lots of money.

  journey  n.

A journey is a long trip.

-* I went on a journey across the country with my parents.

  puzzle [pAzi]  n.

A puzzle is something that is hard to understand.

-+ The question  was a puzzle to him.

  quite  [kwait]  adv.

Quite is used to say that something is complete or very much.

-*■ I think typing on a keyboard is quite easy.

rather  [rse5a:r] adv.

Rather is used when you want to do one thing but not the other.

-* I would rather have the red one than the blue one.

 specific [spisi'fik]  adj.

If something is specific, it is precise or exact.

-*■ Please choose a specific place on the map.

  tour  [tua:r] n.

A tour is a short trip in which you see many sights.

-* I took a  tour of Asia and Europe.

  trip  [trip] n.

A trip is a journey to a certain place.

—• Ken took a trip to the city yesterday.

  value [vselju:]  n.

If something has value, it is worth a lot of money.

Matthew found a treasure of very high value.

Unit 28

band [basnd]  n.

A band is a group of people who play music.

-+ My brother is in a rock band.

 barely [bearli]  adv.

Barely means by the smallest amount, almost not.

-► I barely had enough money to pay for my bus ticket.

  boring  [bo:rir]] adj.

If something is boring, it is not fun.

-»I think the Internet is boring.

 c a n c e l  [kaensal] v.

To cancel means to decide that an event or a request will not happen.

-♦ She cancelled the rest of her plans because of the rain.

driveway [draivwei]  n.

A driveway is a short private road that leads to a person’s home.

— The long driveway led us to their new house.

garbage [ga:rbid3]  n.

Garbage is waste material like unwanted or spoiled food, bottles, paper, etc.

-» The boy cleaned up the garbage around his house.

 instrument [instramant]  n.

An instrument is something designed to do a certain task like music.

-*■ My favorite musical instrument is the piano.

 lis t   [list]  n.

A list is a record of information printed with an item on each line.

-* My mom makes a list of groceries to buy.

  magic [meed3ik]  n.

Magic is the power to do impossible things.

-*• The magician  used magic to pull a rabbit out of his hat.

  message [mesid3]  n.

A message is a set of words that you send to someone.

-> I left a message for you in the envelope.

  notice [noutis]  v.

To notice something is to see it for the first time.

-*■ Did you notice the view?

  own [oun]  v.

To own something means to have it. That thing belongs to you.

-♦ My grandfather owns that house.

  predict \pMwa v.

To predict something is to say that it will happen.

-»She predicted that I would get married next year.

  professor  [prafesar] n.

A professor is a person who teaches in college.

-»Mike’s science professor knows a lot about physics.

  rush  mi v.

To rush is to go somewhere or do something very quickly.

-*■ Nancy rushed to finish her homework.

  schedule [sked3u(:)l]  n.

A schedule is a plan that tells you when to do things.

-» What is your class schedule for today?

share  tjear]  v.

To share something is to give some of it to another person.

-*■ Jimmy shared his apple with me.

  stage [steid3]  n.

A stage is a place where actors or musicians act or sing.

-»A large screen was on the stage.

  storm [storm]  n.

A storm is very bad weather. There is a lot of rain or snow.

-> Did that storm wake you up last night?

  within [widin]  prep.

You use within to say that something is inside another thing.

— Within the box,  there was a pizza.

advertise  [sedvartaiz] v.

To advertise is to tell people about something on TV, radio, etc.

-» They used a rabbit to help them advertise their product.

 assign [asain]  v.

To assign something to someone is to tell them to do it.

-► I assigned the worker an important task.

 audience  [5:dians] n.

An audience is a group of people who watch something together.

-» There was a large audience at the game.

 breakfast [brekfast]  n.

Breakfast is the first meal of the day.

-+1 eat breakfast at 8:00 every morning.

 competition  [kdmpatijan] n.

A competition is a contest to see who is the best at something.

-* He won  the running competition over the weekend.

COOl  [ku:l]  adj.

If the weather is cool, it is a little bit cold.

-» The weather is cool in  the fall.

 gain  [gein]  v.

Ifyou gain something, you get more of it.

-♦ I gained some weight over the summer.

importance [imp5:/t9ns] n.

Importance means the quality or condition of being needed or valued.

VIPs are people of great importance.

knowledge [nalid3]  n.

Knowledge is information that you have about something.

-*A music teacher should have good knowledge of music.

major [meid3a:/-]  adj.

If something is major, it is big or important.

-> I have a major problem.  My boss wants me to redo my project!

mean  imi:n] adj.

Mean describes someone who is unkind or cruel.

-*• My co-worker is a very mean person.  He gets angry very quickly.

 prefer [prifar]  v.

Ifyou prefer something, you want it more than something else.

-»I prefer to  take the path that will lead me to a bright future.

 president [prezidant]  n.

A president is the leader of a country.

-► The president of our country made an important announcement.

 progress [pragras]  n.

Progress is the act of getting closer to doing or finishing something.

-* Our company made financial progress this year.

  respect [rispektj  n.

Respect is a good opinion of someone because they are good.

-♦ I have great respect for firemen.

 ric h   [ritj]  adj.

Ifyou are rich, you have a lot of money.

-»He’s rich.  He can  buy anything he wants.

 skill  tskii] n.

A skill is the knowledge and ability that allows you to do something well.

-♦ A snowboarder must have the right skills to do well.

  somehow [sAmhau]  adv.

Somehow means in a way or by some means which is not known.

-* He somehow had to find a  way to reach the life preserver.

strength [strerj/ce]  n.

Strength is the physical power that you have.

-► Exercising will increase your strength and give you more power.

 vote [vout]  V.

To vote is to officially choose between two or more things.

-* I voted for Billy  to  be our class president.

Unit 30

above [abAv]  prep.

If something is above, it is at a higher level than something else.

-» He straightened the sign that was above the crowd.

 ahead [ahed]  adv.

If something is ahead of something else, it is in front of it.

-* The blue car drove on ahead of us.

 amount [amaunt]  n.

An amount is how much there is of something.

-♦ Can I use my card to pay for the entire amount?

 belief m-.n n.

A belief is a strong feeling that something is correct or true.

-* A preacher or priest should have a strong b elief in  God.

center [sentar]  n.

The center of something is the middle of it.

-* The center of a dart board is the most important spot.

 common  [kdmenj  adj.

If something is common, it happens often or there is much of it.

-* It is common for snow to fall in the winter.

 COSt [ko:st]  v.

To cost is to require expenditure or payment.

-*• These designer shoes cost more than  the regular ones.

 demonstrate [demanstreit]  v.

To demonstrate something is to show how it is done.

-► She demonstrated her plan  to her co-workers.

  different [difarant]  adj.

Different describes someone or something that is not the same as others.

-» Each of my sisters has a different hair style from one another.

  evidence [evidans]  n.

Evidence is a fact or thing that you use to prove something.

-♦ He used the pictures as evidence that UFOs are real.

honesty fanfeta n.

Honesty means the quality of being truthful or honest.

-+ A courtroom should be a place of honesty.

 idiom  [idiam] n.

An idiom is a phrase with a meaning different from its words.

-*• The idiom  “ when pigs fly ”  means that something  will never happen.

  independent  imdipendant] adj.

If something is independent, it is not controlled by something else.

-»She chose to live an independent life in  the country.

  inside [msaid]  n.

Inside means the inner part, space or side of something.

-» The inside of the box was empty.

  master [maesta:/-]  n.

A master is a person who is very good at something.

-* My brother is a master of taekwondo.

  memory [memari]  n.

A memory is something you remember.

-» The memory of my first time in the city will always be the best.

  proper  [prdpar] adj.

If something is proper, it is right.

-* It is not proper to throw your garbage on the road.

  scan [skaen]  v.

To scan something is to look at it very carefully.

-* You must scan each person closely.

  section [sekjan]  n.

A section is a part of something larger.

-* The green section of the graph is the most important part.

surface  [sa:/1is] n.

The surface of something is the top part or outside of it.

-♦ The surface of the moon is very rough.