There's a lot of literary terminology used when it comes to writing. I understand that not everyone has gotten to the grade in school where you learn all of these words. I also understand that a lot of people aren't native English speakers. Therefore, I've conjured up this list.

You don't need to memorize them all or anything. You can just refer to this like a dictionary when you see a literary term you don't know.

Alphareader: basically a Betareader. The only difference is that an alphareader has the final say in whats being edited. (You can alpharead your own stories)

Antagonist: A main "bad guy/thing;" someone or something that is in the way of the main character(s) from achieving his or her main goal; somebody or something that causes trouble and gets in the way of the plot in the story; the cause of the main conflict(s)

Betareader: a non-professional editor for a story; This person generally serves as the editor/reviser for a writer's story. They looks over the story and can make suggestions to improve the story, its characters, and/or its setting. They can also be spellcheck, look for grammar/punctuation, check facts and find plot holes. If you're a non-native speaker of the language you are writing in, this person should be a native speaker who also checks to make sure you're using the language correctly. (You can betaread your own stories)

Conflict: a struggle that a character is having. There's 3 types of conflicts: Person vs. Person, Person vs. Self, Person vs. Nature
Person vs. Person is where the conflict is between two people (or creatures...)
Person vs. Self is where the character is having an internal conflict
Person vs. Nature is where the character is having conflict with uncontrollable elements such as the weather

Character: A person (or creature...) in a story

Characterization: The way the writer introduces or presents a character's personality through the use of action, dialogue, thought or commentary

Climax: the most intense point in a story; the OH DANG!; usually where the protagonist(s) faces and deals with the antagonist(s), or faces all the consequences of their actions

Dialogue: the words spoken by a character

Drabble: a story that's exactly 100 words long

Draft: a completely written story or chapter of the story that still needs to go under revision and editing; can be rewritten and changed; not what you publish

Editing: a stage in proofreading where the writer (or a beta/alphareader) checks and fixes spelling errors, grammar/punctuation, incorrect word usage, factual errors

Epilogue: (optional) part of a story that comes as after the last chapter and it can be the aftermath of the story, the telling of what happens in the future (also called a forward), or maybe a preview of a sequel

Fanfiction: fictional stories that use real life (famous) people or pre-existing characters; "derirative creative stories featuring the characters, settings, premises, etc. based on the [real-world] original source material, but written by a fan. It is a form of transformative work designed by expression and appreciation of the cannon [or not cannon] material."

Fanfic genres: Adult, Alternate Universe (AU), Angst, Crackfic, Darkfic, Drabble, Flashfic, Fluff, Freeform, Genderswap/Genderbender/Genderflip, Imagine, Incest, Meta, NSFW/Mature/18+/19+, Omega, Shmoop, Slow Burn, SMUT, Songfic, x OC, x reader (sub genre: AMBW)

Flashback: Takes the reader back in time by writing a scene that is from the past

Foreshadowing: a lowkey indication of what may or may not happen in the future; it's what has readers guessing

Genre: a category of a piece of writing--basically like music genre, except it's for writing
Fiction Genres examples: Crime/Detective, Drama, Fairy tale, Fan Fiction, Fantasy, Fiction, Horror, Humor, Meta Fiction, Mystery, Realistic Fiction, Romance, Science Fiction, Thriller, Tragedy

Hook: a part of the fic that makes the reader want to read more (it's important)

Imagery: words used to beautifully "paint the picture;" this is where using excellent adjectives and adverbs comes into play; used to allow the reader to picture the scene or feel the mood

Mood: the emotional stance that the author uses to create the tone of their text; the feel of the story; the energy; often relates to tone

Novel (in the fanfic world, just a story): basically a regular story--it usually winds up being around 45,000 words or more

Novella/Novelette (in the fanfic world, a short story): a story that is short--it usually winds up being around 7,500 and 40,000 words

Oneshot: A story that is only a single chapter

Outline: a way of organizing the major events and ideas in a story; it acts as the skeleton; there are many different ways to do an outline, and they can go a lot more in-depth than just major events and ideas

Overview: a super brief description of the story that can literally be used as the story's description

Plot: The storyline; the main events in sequence, or in order according to the time the events take place

Point of View (POV): the view in which the story is being told/narrated. There are 3 (technically 6) types: 1st person, 2nd person, 3rd person objective, 3rd person omniscient and 3rd person limited.

First person is told from a specific character's point of view. This allows the reader to see every thing the way that a character sees it, and often lets the reader see the character's thoughts and perceptions. Pronouns such as I, me, my, us, our, we are used in this POV.

Second person is when a writer basically addresses the reader, or makes a character talk to the reader. Pronouns such as you, your, y'all are used in this POV.

Third person Objective is where the story is told in the view of a fly on the way, in a way where the reader can see what everyone is doing or watching the events unfold. It's told in a neutral and impersonal tone, so no feelings or thoughts. Pronouns such as he, she, it, their, them, they are used in this POV.

Third person Limited is where the story is told as a fly on the wall, except the fly can read only one or two of the character's mind. It limits whose thoughts and feelings the reader is able to see. Pronouns such as he, she, it, they, them, their are used in this POV. The thoughts of characters are often told in first person, so I, me, my, us, our, we, etc. are sometimes used as well.

Third person Omniscient is told through the eye of a god. "Omni" means 'all,' and "Scire" means 'to know.' Adding them together makes "omniscient," which means all-knowing. This means that the reader will be able to see multiple or even all of the characters thoughts and feelings. Pronouns such as he, she, it, they, them, their are used in this POV. The thoughts of characters are often told in first person, so I, me, my, us, our, we, etc. are sometimes used, too.

Protagonist: A main character in the story

Prologue: (optional) introduction to a story that sets the tone for the rest of the story; it can serve as a background of the storyline, or a preview/flashforward of the story

Resolution/Denouement: The "solution" of the problem/complication in a story; where the conflict(s) with the antagonist(s) are finally sorted out (it usually comes after the climax)

Revising: improving the story by adding or subtracting parts/characters, switching events around or changing how something plays out; rewriting the story part with improvements

Rough Draft: the first draft

Setting: The where and when; lets the reader know where the event in the story is happening and when (year, date, time, whatever) it's taking place. It's like the set of a play.

Short Story (in this world, a scenario): a scenario that's typically under 5,000 words

Storyline: equal to a plot

Summary: a short description of the main points in the story; (almost equal to a thesis statement in an essay or informational)

Synopsis: a brief summary of a story (usually told in present tense) and is usually 2-3 paragraphs long

Tense: The time in which the story is told: present tense, past tense, future tense. Past and present are most common in fiction.
Future tense is when the story is telling what will happen. You should be prepared to use words like will...a lot...
Example #1: "Janice will walk home after school with her boyfriend."
Example #2: "School is going to let out any minute. Janice will be with Todd soon and they plan to walk home together. Since this will be their first time walking home together, they are both going to feel nervous."
Present tense is when the story is told in the 'now.' Verbs are in present tense, so prepare for suffix "-s"
Example #1: "Tahir Kahn picks up the toy and places it back in the basket."
Example #2: "You are picking up your sister's toy. Now you're putting it back where it belongs."
Past tense is when the story is tells what has already happened. It's the most popular tense to use in stories. Verbs will all be in past tense, so be prepared for the suffix "-ed."
Example #1: "Oskar Müller took a deep breath before he stepped to the edge of the diving board, and then he jumped and made his dive with a perfect form."
Example #2: "I was nervous as I neared the end of the diving board. Here goes nothing, I thought. Then, I made my jump."

Theme: to put it simply, the main subject of the story. It's like a foundation and tends to be recurring throughout the story.

Tone: "The attitude that the author uses on a specific character, setting or storyline development; can show various emotions; helps the reader understand the feelings, which, in turn, effects the way the reader understands the story"