Some Important Boundary Lines:

a. Durand Line: Represents the boundary line between Pakistan and Afghanistan.

b. Hindenberg Line: Boundary line between Germany and Poland

c. Mac Mohan Line: The boundary line between India and China.

d. Radcliffe Line: Boundary line between India and Pakistan.

e. Maginot Line: Boundary between France and Germany.

f. Oder Niesse Line: Boundary between Germany and Poland

g. 38th Parallel: Boundary between North and South Korea

h. 49th Parallel: Boundary between USA and Canada.

Important Cities and what they are Famous for:

City                                            Famous for:

Ahmedabad                              Cotton textile industry.

Abadan (Iran)                            Oil Refining

Baku (Azerbaijan)                     Petroleum

Belfast (Ireland)                         Shipbuilding

Birmingham (UK)                      Iron and steel industry

Buenos Aires (Argentina)        Dairying

Cadiz (Spain)                                Cork

Chicago (USA)                               Iron and steel industry and meat packing

Dhaka (Bangladesh)                   Muslin

Darjeeling (India)                         Tea processing

Detroit (USA)                                  Automobile Industry

Dundee (Scotland)                        First jute mill; linen manufacturing

Firozabad (India)                            Glass industry

Geneva (Switzerland)                   Watches and light precision goods

Havana (Cuba)                                 Cigars

Hollywood (USA)                             Films

Jamshedpur (India)                       Iron and steel industry

Johannesburg (South Africa)     Gold-mining

Kansas City (USA)                            Meat-packing

Kimberley (South Africa)              Diamond mining

Kolkata (India)                                   Jute industry

Leeds (UK)                                            Woolen textile industry

Lyons (France)                                     Silk industry

Manchester (UK)                                Cotton textile industry.

Multan (Pakistan)                               Pottery

Oslo (Norway)                                      Paper industry

Sheffield (UK)                                       Cutlery

Venice (Italy)                                         Glass industry

Vienna (Austria)                                   Glass industry

Important Names Changed:

New Name                                           Old Name

Ankara                                                     Angora

Bangladesh                                          East Pakistan

Beijing                                                     Peking

Botswana                                               Bechuanaland

Cambodia                                              Kampuchea

Ethiopia                                                  Abyssinia

Ghana                                                     Gold Coast

Guinea                                                    French Guinea

Guinea-Bissau                                     Portuguese Guinea

Guyana                                                   British Guinea

Indonesia                                              Dutch East Indies

Iraq                                                          Mesopotamia

Iran                                                          Persia

Istanbul                                                 Constantinople

Jakarta                                                   Batavia

Kinshasa                                                Leopoldville

Malawi                                                    Nyasaland

Myanmar                                               Burma

Namibia                                                 South West Africa

Oslo                                                         Christina

Democratic Republic of Congo    Zaire

Sri Lanka                                                Ceylon

Surinam                                                  Dutch Guyana

Taiwan                                                      Formosa

Thailand                                                   Siam

United Arab Emirates                          Trucial Oman

Yangon                                                       Rangoon

Zambia                                                      Northern Rhodesia

Zimbabwe                                                Southern Rhodesia

Sobriquets for places:

Sobriquet

Land of the Golden Fleece – Australia

Land of the Kangaroo – Australia

Dark Continent – Africa

Island of Pearls – Bahrain

Cockpit of Europe – Belgium

Land of Thunderbolt – Bhutan

Land of the Golden Pagoda - Burma(Myanmar)

Land of Lilies – Canada

Land of Maple – Canada

Windy City - Chicago, USA

Pearl of the Antilles – Cuba

Sugar Bowl of the World – Cuba

Gift of Nile – Egypt

Land of Thousand Lakes – Finland

Emerald Island – Ireland

Land of Rising Sun – Japan

Hermit Kingdom – Korea

Land of Canals – Netherlands

Land of Windmills – Netherlands

Land of White Elephant – Thailand

Sick Man of Europe – Turkey

Land of Humming Bird – Trinidad

Playground of Europe – Switzerland

Island of Cloves – Zanzibar

Granite City - Aberdeen, Scotland

White City - Belgrade

Port of five Seas - Moscow

Empire City – New York

Queen of the Adriatic – Venice

Venice of the North – Stockholm

City of the Golden Gate - San Francisco

City of Seven Hills – Rome

Bicycle capital of the Northwest - Redmond

City of Brotherly Love – Philadelphia

City of Dreaming Spires – Oxford

Holy Land – Palestine

City of the Golden Temple - Amritsar, India

Garden City of India – Bangalore

Manchester of South India - Coimbatore

Sun City of India or Blue City of India - Jodhpur

Steel City of India – Jamshedpur

Gateway of India – Mumbai

City of Palaces – Kolkata

Queen of Arabian Sea - Cochin, India

Scotland of the East – Shillong

Pink City – Jaipur

Diamond City in India - Surat, Gujarat

Venice of East – Alappuzha (also known as Alleppey) in Kerala