Now, shading is kind of a hard thing to do. BUT ITS POSSIBLE. NOT IMPOSSIBLE.

(So, this person asked me to make this book, and mainly wanted to know of how to shade. I'm sorry if I don't do this right. I'll try)

So, shading is pretty much different kinds of the same colour. And it's pretty much where the light comes from and goes to.

When shading, you need to know where the source of light is coming from. If you put a sun on one side of a picture, and put a house in the middle, you would need shade. It's makes it more realistic.

Or you can draw a cube to practice shading on.

^ It's not my best job, but hopefully it'll do.

As you can see, the cube on the left side has more shading. And with the more shading, does it look a tiny bit more realistic?

With the sphere below the cubes, the bottom of it is faced away from the source of light. The further away the spot, the darker it gets. If the spot is RIGHT IN FRONT of the light source, it's probably not gonna have a lot of shading needed except for on the back.

Another way to practice shading is to do boxes from darkest to lightest. There's a pic below.

My art teacher made us do this A LOT during primary school. And all I have to say is, IT HELPED.

Once you've gotten used to this, I think your kind of on your own. I don't really know what to say after this. All I can say is, if you use a reference photo, look at it CAREFULLY. Look where spots in the picture start to get darker, and where they start to get lighter.

Little tip: WHEN FIRST DRAWING YOUR PICTURE, AND MAKING A LAYOUT, DO NOT PRESS ON THE PAPER HARD. Always start lightly. Then build up with the shading from there.

Sorry if I didn't explain much. I tried. I'm only young and stupid XD
I'll see if I can update more in the future. But I'm not sure. I'm sorry it took so long to upload. Idk why. But hopefully this helps with SOMETHING. Good luck!